https://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&feed=atom&action=historyMedea - Revision history2024-03-29T12:52:27ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.39.6https://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&diff=19285&oldid=prevMisha Teramura: Historical record re-transcribed from manuscript2019-06-21T09:03:03Z<p>Historical record re-transcribed from manuscript</p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In his biography of Hobbes, written 1679–80, Aubrey describes the young Hobbes's education under the tutelage of Robert Latimer, the vicar of Westport, Wiltshire:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In his biography of Hobbes, written 1679–80, Aubrey describes the young Hobbes's education under the tutelage of Robert Latimer, the vicar of Westport, Wiltshire:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:He <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[Latimer] </del>was a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">batchelour and </del>delighted in his scholar<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>T.H.<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'s </del>company, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and </del>used to instruct him<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, and two </del>or <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">three </del>ingeniose youths more, in the evening till nine a clock. Here T.H. so well profited in his <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">learning</del>, that at fourteen yeares of age<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>he went away a good schoole-scholar to Magdalen<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">-</del>hall<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>in Oxford. It is not to be forgotten, that before he went to the University, he had turned Euripidis Medea out of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Greeke </del>into Latin Iambiques, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">which </del>he <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">presented </del>to his <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">master. Mr</del>. H. told me that he would faine <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">have </del>had them, to have seen how he did <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">grown </del>in . <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. . . . </del>Twenty <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">odde [''or'' </del>25+<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">] </del>yeares agoe I searcht all old <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Mr. Latimer's </del>papers<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>but could not find them; the good huswives had sacrificed them <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[''or'' </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">oven </del>[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''or'' pies</del>] had devoured them<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">].</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</ins>He was a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Batche-</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:lour & </ins>delighted in his scholar T.H. company, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">& </ins>used to instruct</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:</ins>him <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">& 2 ^<sup></ins>or <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3</sup> </ins>ingeniose youths more, in the evening till nine a clock.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:</ins>Here T.H. so well profited in his <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Learning</ins>, that at fourteen</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:</ins>yeares of age he went away a good schoole-scholar to </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:</ins>Magdalen hall in Oxford. It is not to be forgotten, that before</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:</ins>he went to the University, he had turned Euripidis Medea</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:^<sup></ins>out of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Greek <strike>Iambiques</strike></sup> </ins>into Latin Iambiques, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">w<sup>ch</sup> </ins>he <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">p<sup>r</sup>sented </ins>to his <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Master</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">M<sup>r</sup> </ins>H. told me<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </ins>that he</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:</ins>would faine <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">haue <strike>seen</strike> <sup></ins>had<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></sup> </ins>them, to have seen how he did <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">grow ^<sup></ins>in<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></sup></ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><strike>and</strike></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:</ins>Twenty <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><sup></ins>25+<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></sup> odde </ins>yeares agoe<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </ins>I searcht all old <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">M<sup>r</sup> Latimers </ins>papers</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:</ins>but could not find them; the good huswives had sacrificed them<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">.<sup> </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Oven </ins>[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Pies</ins>] had devoured them<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></sup></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(Bodleian, Aubrey MS 9, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">f</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">33–34</del>; <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">qtd</del>. Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n356/mode/2up 328–29]).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(Bodleian <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Library</ins>, Aubrey MS 9, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ff</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">33r, 34r</ins>; <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">cf</ins>. Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n356/mode/2up 328–29]).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Aubrey's wording suggests that Hobbes presented his translation shortly before moving to Oxford. The exact date of Hobbes's matriculation is unknown and the surviving evidence contradictory, but he seems to have begun his studies at Oxford either in 1602 or 1603 (Martinich 8-9; Malcolm).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Aubrey's wording suggests that Hobbes presented his translation shortly before moving to Oxford. The exact date of Hobbes's matriculation is unknown and the surviving evidence contradictory, but he seems to have begun his studies at Oxford either in 1602 or 1603 (Martinich 8-9; Malcolm).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the passage quoted above, Aubrey's alternative phrasings <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">are indicated in square brackets </del>(see Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n32/mode/2up 6]).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the passage quoted above, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the square brackets appear as in </ins>Aubrey's <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">hand; some superscript word represent </ins>alternative phrasings(see Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n32/mode/2up 6]).</div></td></tr>
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</table>Misha Teramurahttps://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&diff=18224&oldid=prevMisha Teramura at 17:48, 4 July 20182018-07-04T17:48:21Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Site created and maintained by [[Misha Teramura]], <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Reed College</del>; updated 26 June 2016.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Site created and maintained by [[Misha Teramura]], <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">University of Toronto</ins>; updated 26 June 2016.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[category:all]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[category:all]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[category:Euripides]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[category:Euripides]]</div></td></tr>
</table>Misha Teramurahttps://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&diff=15699&oldid=prevMisha Teramura at 14:52, 28 June 20162016-06-28T14:52:03Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 09:52, 28 June 2016</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l77">Line 77:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>An almost identical use of the story is found in the discussion of rebellion in his political treatise ''The Elements of Law'', completed in 1640 and first published in 1650:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>An almost identical use of the story is found in the discussion of rebellion in his political treatise ''The Elements of Law'', completed in 1640 and first published in 1650:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Seeing then Eloquence and want of Discretion concur to the stirring of Rebellion, it may be demanded, what part each of these acteth therein. The Daughters of ''Pelias'' King of ''Thessaly'', desiring to restore their old Decrepit Father to the Vigour of his Youth, by the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Counsell </del>of ''Medea'', chopped him in pieces, and set him a boyling with I know not what Herbs in a Cauldron, but could not revive him again. So when Eloquence and want of Judgement go together, want of Judgment like the Daughters of ''Pelias'' consenteth through Eloquence, which is as the Witchcraft of ''Medea'', to cut the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">common </del>Wealth in pieces, upon Pretence, or Hope of Reformation, which when things are in Combustion, they are not able to effect.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Seeing then Eloquence and want of Discretion concur to the stirring of Rebellion, it may be demanded, what part each of these acteth therein. The Daughters of ''Pelias'' King of ''Thessaly'', desiring to restore their old Decrepit Father to the Vigour of his Youth, by the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Counsel </ins>of ''Medea'', chopped him in pieces, and set him a boyling with I know not what Herbs in a Cauldron, but could not revive him again. So when Eloquence and want of Judgement go together, want of Judgment like the Daughters of ''Pelias'' consenteth through Eloquence, which is as the Witchcraft of ''Medea'', to cut the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Common </ins>Wealth in pieces, upon Pretence, or Hope of Reformation, which when things are in Combustion, they are not able to effect.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(''De Corpore Politico'', pp. 175–76)</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(''De Corpore Politico'', pp. 175–76)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:they that go about by disobedience, to doe no more than reforme the Commonwealth, shall find they do thereby destroy it; like the foolish daughters of ''Peleus'' (in the fable;) which desiring to renew the youth of their decrepit Father, did by the Counsell of ''Medea'', cut him in pieces, and boyle him, together with strange herbs, but made not of him a new man.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:they that go about by disobedience, to doe no more than reforme the Commonwealth, shall find they do thereby destroy it; like the foolish daughters of ''Peleus'' (in the fable;) which desiring to renew the youth of their decrepit Father, did by the Counsell of ''Medea'', cut him in pieces, and boyle him, together with strange herbs, but made not of him a new man.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(''Leviathan'' p. 177)</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(''Leviathan''<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </ins>p. 177)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be noted that the mythological episode of the Peliades' parricide is recalled but not actually depicted in Euripides' play.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be noted that the mythological episode of the Peliades' parricide is recalled but not actually depicted in Euripides' play.</div></td></tr>
</table>Misha Teramurahttps://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&diff=15698&oldid=prevMisha Teramura at 21:41, 27 June 20162016-06-27T21:41:05Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:41, 27 June 2016</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l63">Line 63:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The schoolmaster in question was Robert Latimer, to whom Hobbes had presented his translation of the ''Medea'' and under whose tutelage Aubrey would be educated many years later, if only briefly due to Latimer's death (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n60/mode/2up 35]). Indeed, it was at Latimer's house that Aubrey first met Hobbes in the summer of 1634, while the elder was visiting his former teacher (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n358/mode/2up 331–32]; Bodleian Library, MS Wood F 39, f. [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/profile/work/660f7bbc-de43-4850-b6e0-8774a062c8de? 334r]). Aubrey, who was only eight years old, recalled that Hobbes's "conversation about those times was much about Ben: Jonson," who was "his loving and familiar friend and acquaintance" (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n360/mode/2up 332], [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n392/mode/2up 365]). (Aubrey would use a Jonsonian phrase—"the most worthy men have been rock't in meane cradles"—as a motto for his ''Life of Hobbes'' [Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n384/mode/2up 356], Bennett 757].) Their friendship as adults seems to have begun in the 1650s: in a list of his ''Amici'', Aubrey dates his friendship with Hobbes from "165—" ([http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n70/mode/2up 43]). By this point Hobbes was already famous as the author of ''De Cive'' and the ''Leviathan'', and Aubrey an admirer. On 30 August 1661, in his earliest extant letter to Hobbes, Aubrey wrote to express "my hearty thankes for the trouble I gave you to sitt for your Picture, w<sup>ch</sup> is an honor I am not worthy of, & I beg yo<sup>r</sup> pardon for my great boldnes, but I assure you no man living more prizes it, nor hath greater Devotion for You then my selfe" (''Correspondence'' 2:520, interlineation regularized). The two remained friends for the remaining two decades of Hobbes's long life.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The schoolmaster in question was Robert Latimer, to whom Hobbes had presented his translation of the ''Medea'' and under whose tutelage Aubrey would be educated many years later, if only briefly due to Latimer's death (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n60/mode/2up 35]). Indeed, it was at Latimer's house that Aubrey first met Hobbes in the summer of 1634, while the elder was visiting his former teacher (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n358/mode/2up 331–32]; Bodleian Library, MS Wood F 39, f. [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/profile/work/660f7bbc-de43-4850-b6e0-8774a062c8de? 334r]). Aubrey, who was only eight years old, recalled that Hobbes's "conversation about those times was much about Ben: Jonson," who was "his loving and familiar friend and acquaintance" (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n360/mode/2up 332], [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n392/mode/2up 365]). (Aubrey would use a Jonsonian phrase—"the most worthy men have been rock't in meane cradles"—as a motto for his ''Life of Hobbes'' [Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n384/mode/2up 356], Bennett 757].) Their friendship as adults seems to have begun in the 1650s: in a list of his ''Amici'', Aubrey dates his friendship with Hobbes from "165—" ([http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n70/mode/2up 43]). By this point Hobbes was already famous as the author of ''De Cive'' and the ''Leviathan'', and Aubrey an admirer. On 30 August 1661, in his earliest extant letter to Hobbes, Aubrey wrote to express "my hearty thankes for the trouble I gave you to sitt for your Picture, w<sup>ch</sup> is an honor I am not worthy of, & I beg yo<sup>r</sup> pardon for my great boldnes, but I assure you no man living more prizes it, nor hath greater Devotion for You then my selfe" (''Correspondence'' 2:520, interlineation regularized). The two remained friends for the remaining two decades of Hobbes's long life.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Aubrey was uniquely invested in Hobbes's biography. As he would later recall, "In 1665, or 1666, I told m<sup>r</sup> Hobbs, that I would make to bold to desire him to write his owne Life: for it would be written, & not well […] He thanked me for my advise, & told me he would doe it" (Aubrey to Anthony Wood, 30 December 1679, Bodleian Library, MS Wood F 39, f. [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/profile/work/660f7bbc-de43-4850-b6e0-8774a062c8de? 334r]). Hobbes would write Latin autobiographies in both verse and prose, but Aubrey seems to have early on envisioned writing his own biographical account of Hobbes's life as early as 1667 (see quote above). Hobbes's autobiographical writings were published almost immediately after Hobbes died, and Aubrey seems to have formally undertaken his own work as a supplementary commentary to the Latin autobiography, beginning in December 1679 (Bennett xc). While Aubrey never published his ''Life'' of Hobbes in its entirety, it survives in manuscript (Bodleian Library, Aubrey MS 9)<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, which </del>was used as a source by Richard Blackburne for his own Latin biography of Hobbes, published in 1681.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Aubrey was uniquely invested in Hobbes's biography. As he would later recall, "In 1665, or 1666, I told m<sup>r</sup> Hobbs, that I would make to bold to desire him to write his owne Life: for it would be written, & not well […] He thanked me for my advise, & told me he would doe it" (Aubrey to Anthony Wood, 30 December 1679, Bodleian Library, MS Wood F 39, f. [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/profile/work/660f7bbc-de43-4850-b6e0-8774a062c8de? 334r]). Hobbes would write Latin autobiographies in both verse and prose, but Aubrey seems to have early on envisioned writing his own biographical account of Hobbes's life as early as 1667 (see quote above). Hobbes's autobiographical writings were published almost immediately after Hobbes died, and Aubrey seems to have formally undertaken his own work as a supplementary commentary to the Latin autobiography, beginning in December 1679 (Bennett xc). While Aubrey never published his ''Life'' of Hobbes in its entirety, it survives in manuscript (Bodleian Library, Aubrey MS 9) <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and </ins>was used as a source by Richard Blackburne for his own Latin biography of Hobbes, published in 1681.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the ''Life of Hobbes'', Aubrey offers two alternative chronological references for when he undertook his search of Hobbes's "Medea" among the papers of their late tutor: either "Twenty odde yeares agoe" (that is, c. 1659–60) or "25+ yeares agoe" (that is, prior to 1655). It seems that Aubrey's memory of this event is comparable to his dating "165—" as the beginning of his friendship with Hobbes and that he undertook his search shortly after they renewed their acquaintance as adults. Since Hobbes had already amply demonstrated his mastery of classical languages—his translation of Thucydides was published in 1629, and he frequently wrote in Latin—he likely recalled to Aubrey his debt to their mutual schoomaster Latimer, whom Aubrey describes as "a good Graecian, and the first that came into our parts hereabout since the Reformation" (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n356/mode/2up 329]). Perhaps it was in this context that Hobbes mentioned his translation of Euripides to Aubrey, along with his desire to revisit his juvenile achievements, thereby prompting Aubrey to visit Latimer's house to try and recover the text for his illustrious friend.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the ''Life of Hobbes'', Aubrey offers two alternative chronological references for when he undertook his search of Hobbes's "Medea" among the papers of their late tutor: either "Twenty odde yeares agoe" (that is, c. 1659–60) or "25+ yeares agoe" (that is, prior to 1655). It seems that Aubrey's memory of this event is comparable to his dating "165—" as the beginning of his friendship with Hobbes and that he undertook his search shortly after they renewed their acquaintance as adults. Since Hobbes had already amply demonstrated his mastery of classical languages—his translation of Thucydides was published in 1629, and he frequently wrote in Latin—he likely recalled to Aubrey his debt to their mutual schoomaster Latimer, whom Aubrey describes as "a good Graecian, and the first that came into our parts hereabout since the Reformation" (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n356/mode/2up 329]). Perhaps it was in this context that Hobbes mentioned his translation of Euripides to Aubrey, along with his desire to revisit his juvenile achievements, thereby prompting Aubrey to visit Latimer's house to try and recover the text for his illustrious friend.</div></td></tr>
</table>Misha Teramurahttps://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&diff=15697&oldid=prevMisha Teramura at 21:39, 27 June 20162016-06-27T21:39:49Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(Bodleian Library, Aubrey MS 9, f. 29r; qtd. Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n42/mode/2up 17–18])</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(Bodleian Library, Aubrey MS 9, f. 29r; qtd. Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n42/mode/2up 17–18])</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The schoolmaster in question was Robert Latimer, to whom Hobbes had presented his translation of the ''Medea'' and under whose tutelage Aubrey would be educated many years later, if only briefly due to Latimer's death (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n60/mode/2up 35]). Indeed, it was at Latimer's house that Aubrey first met Hobbes in the summer of 1634, while the elder was visiting his former teacher (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n358/mode/2up 331–32]; Bodleian Library, MS Wood F 39, f. [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/profile/work/660f7bbc-de43-4850-b6e0-8774a062c8de? 334r]). Aubrey, who was only eight years old, recalled that Hobbes's "conversation about those times was much about Ben: Jonson," who was "his loving and familiar friend and acquaintance" (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n360/mode/2up 332], [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n392/mode/2up 365]). (Aubrey would use a Jonsonian phrase—"the most worthy men have been rock't in meane cradles"—as a motto for his ''Life of Hobbes'' [Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n384/mode/2up 356], Bennett 757].) <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">They seem </del>to have <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">met again </del>in the 1650s: in a list of his ''<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">amici</del>'', Aubrey dates his friendship with Hobbes from "165—" ([http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n70/mode/2up 43]). By this point Hobbes was already famous as the author of ''De Cive'' and the ''Leviathan'', and Aubrey an admirer. On 30 August 1661, in his earliest extant letter to Hobbes, Aubrey wrote to express "my hearty thankes for the trouble I gave you to sitt for your Picture, w<sup>ch</sup> is an honor I am not worthy of, & I beg yo<sup>r</sup> pardon for my great boldnes, but I assure you no man living more prizes it, nor hath greater Devotion for You then my selfe" (''Correspondence'' 2:520, interlineation regularized). <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">They </del>two remained friends for the remaining two decades of Hobbes's long life.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The schoolmaster in question was Robert Latimer, to whom Hobbes had presented his translation of the ''Medea'' and under whose tutelage Aubrey would be educated many years later, if only briefly due to Latimer's death (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n60/mode/2up 35]). Indeed, it was at Latimer's house that Aubrey first met Hobbes in the summer of 1634, while the elder was visiting his former teacher (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n358/mode/2up 331–32]; Bodleian Library, MS Wood F 39, f. [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/profile/work/660f7bbc-de43-4850-b6e0-8774a062c8de? 334r]). Aubrey, who was only eight years old, recalled that Hobbes's "conversation about those times was much about Ben: Jonson," who was "his loving and familiar friend and acquaintance" (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n360/mode/2up 332], [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n392/mode/2up 365]). (Aubrey would use a Jonsonian phrase—"the most worthy men have been rock't in meane cradles"—as a motto for his ''Life of Hobbes'' [Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n384/mode/2up 356], Bennett 757].) <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Their friendship as adults seems </ins>to have <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">begun </ins>in the 1650s: in a list of his ''<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Amici</ins>'', Aubrey dates his friendship with Hobbes from "165—" ([http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n70/mode/2up 43]). By this point Hobbes was already famous as the author of ''De Cive'' and the ''Leviathan'', and Aubrey an admirer. On 30 August 1661, in his earliest extant letter to Hobbes, Aubrey wrote to express "my hearty thankes for the trouble I gave you to sitt for your Picture, w<sup>ch</sup> is an honor I am not worthy of, & I beg yo<sup>r</sup> pardon for my great boldnes, but I assure you no man living more prizes it, nor hath greater Devotion for You then my selfe" (''Correspondence'' 2:520, interlineation regularized). <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The </ins>two remained friends for the remaining two decades of Hobbes's long life.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Aubrey was uniquely invested in Hobbes's biography. As he would later recall, "In 1665, or 1666, I told m<sup>r</sup> Hobbs, that I would make to bold to desire him to write his owne Life: for it would be written, & not well […] He thanked me for my advise, & told me he would doe it" (Aubrey to Anthony Wood, 30 December 1679, Bodleian Library, MS Wood F 39, f. [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/profile/work/660f7bbc-de43-4850-b6e0-8774a062c8de? 334r]). Hobbes would write Latin autobiographies in both verse and prose, but Aubrey seems to have early on envisioned writing his own biographical account of Hobbes's life as early as 1667 (see quote above). Hobbes's autobiographical writings were published almost immediately after Hobbes died, and Aubrey seems to have formally undertaken his own work as a supplementary commentary to the Latin autobiography, beginning in December 1679 (Bennett xc). While Aubrey never published his ''Life'' of Hobbes in its entirety, it survives in manuscript (Bodleian Library, Aubrey MS 9), which was used as a source by Richard Blackburne for his own Latin biography of Hobbes, published in 1681.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Aubrey was uniquely invested in Hobbes's biography. As he would later recall, "In 1665, or 1666, I told m<sup>r</sup> Hobbs, that I would make to bold to desire him to write his owne Life: for it would be written, & not well […] He thanked me for my advise, & told me he would doe it" (Aubrey to Anthony Wood, 30 December 1679, Bodleian Library, MS Wood F 39, f. [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/profile/work/660f7bbc-de43-4850-b6e0-8774a062c8de? 334r]). Hobbes would write Latin autobiographies in both verse and prose, but Aubrey seems to have early on envisioned writing his own biographical account of Hobbes's life as early as 1667 (see quote above). Hobbes's autobiographical writings were published almost immediately after Hobbes died, and Aubrey seems to have formally undertaken his own work as a supplementary commentary to the Latin autobiography, beginning in December 1679 (Bennett xc). While Aubrey never published his ''Life'' of Hobbes in its entirety, it survives in manuscript (Bodleian Library, Aubrey MS 9), which was used as a source by Richard Blackburne for his own Latin biography of Hobbes, published in 1681.</div></td></tr>
</table>Misha Teramurahttps://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&diff=15696&oldid=prevMisha Teramura at 21:36, 27 June 20162016-06-27T21:36:22Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be noted that the mythological episode of the Peliades' parricide is recalled but not actually depicted in Euripides' play.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be noted that the mythological episode of the Peliades' parricide is recalled but not actually depicted in Euripides' play.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another of Hobbes's allusions to Medea occurs as a result of his dispute with John Bramhall, bishop of Derry, although this instance has an ostensibly un-Euripidean source. Bramhall, in his critique of Hobbes's theory of liberty and necessity, at point writes: "It is true indeed the will should follow the direction of the understanding, but I am not satisfied that it doth evermore follow it. Sometimes this saying hath place, ''Video meliora probo''[''que'']; ''Deteriora sequor''" ("I see the better and approve it, but I follow the worse") (p. 247). Hobbes, recognizing the passage from Ovid's version of the Medea story in the ''Metamorphoses'' (7.20), responded: "the saying (as pretty as it is) is not true: for though ''Medea'' saw many reasons to forbear killing her Children, yet the last dictate of her judgement was, that the present revenge on her husband outweighed them all, and thereupon the wicked action followed necessarily" (p. 249). Importantly, this is not the context of the quote in Ovid: Medea, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">rather, is </del>torn between her loyalty to her father and her desire for the foreigner Jason. Samuel C. Rickless writes: "Interestingly, Hobbes does not tackle the case of Medea's decision to marry Jason, but rather her later far more calculated and cold-blooded decision to kill the children she had borne him" (400n). Perhaps Hobbes's mistaken recollection was colored by his youthful immersion in the tragic action of Euripides' play. (Bramhall, for his part, ignored the mistake and replied that "the strength of the argument doth not lye" in the story of Medea, "which is but a fiction," but rather "in the experience of all men, who find it to be true in themselves" [p. 251].)</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another of Hobbes's allusions to Medea occurs as a result of his dispute with John Bramhall, bishop of Derry, although this instance has an ostensibly un-Euripidean source. Bramhall, in his critique of Hobbes's theory of liberty and necessity, at point writes: "It is true indeed the will should follow the direction of the understanding, but I am not satisfied that it doth evermore follow it. Sometimes this saying hath place, ''Video meliora probo''[''que'']; ''Deteriora sequor''" ("I see the better and approve it, but I follow the worse") (p. 247). Hobbes, recognizing the passage from Ovid's version of the Medea story in the ''Metamorphoses'' (7.20), responded: "the saying (as pretty as it is) is not true: for though ''Medea'' saw many reasons to forbear killing her Children, yet the last dictate of her judgement was, that the present revenge on her husband outweighed them all, and thereupon the wicked action followed necessarily" (p. 249). Importantly, this is not the context of the quote in Ovid: Medea <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in this passage is at an earlier point in her life</ins>, torn between her loyalty to her father and her desire for the foreigner Jason. Samuel C. Rickless writes: "Interestingly, Hobbes does not tackle the case of Medea's decision to marry Jason, but rather her later far more calculated and cold-blooded decision to kill the children she had borne him" (400n). Perhaps Hobbes's mistaken recollection was colored by his youthful immersion in the tragic action of Euripides' play. (Bramhall, for his part, ignored the mistake and replied that "the strength of the argument doth not lye" in the story of Medea, "which is but a fiction," but rather "in the experience of all men, who find it to be true in themselves" [p. 251].)</div></td></tr>
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</table>Misha Teramurahttps://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&diff=15695&oldid=prevMisha Teramura at 21:32, 27 June 20162016-06-27T21:32:57Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Apparently the part of the Medea legend most memorable to Hobbes was the episode in which the sorceress tricks the daughters of Pelias into murdering their father. It is invoked in ''De Cive'' (written in the late 1630s and published in Latin in 1642), the political installment of Hobbes's early "elements of philosophy." In the section "Of the internall causes, tending to the dissolution of any Government," Hobbes writes of the causes of sedition, especially those <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ambitions </del>men who can manipulate the common people through their eloquence:</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Apparently the part of the Medea legend most memorable to Hobbes was the episode in which the sorceress tricks the daughters of Pelias into murdering their father. It is invoked in ''De Cive'' (written in the late 1630s and published in Latin in 1642), the political installment of Hobbes's early "elements of philosophy." In the section "Of the internall causes, tending to the dissolution of any Government," Hobbes writes of the causes of sedition, especially those <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ambitious </ins>men who can manipulate the common people through their eloquence:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:for ''folly'' and ''eloquence'' concurre in the subversion of government in the same manner (as the fable hath it) as heretofore the daughters of ''Palias'' King of Thessaly, conspired with ''Medea'' against their father; They going to restore the decrepit old man to his youth again, by the counsell of ''Medea'', they cut him into peeces, and set him in the fire to boyle, in vain expecting when he would live again; So the common people through their folly (like the daughters of ''Palias'') desiring to renew the ancient government, being drawne away by the ''eloquence'' of ambitious men, as it were by the witchcraft of ''Medea'', divided into ''faction'', they consume it rather by those flames, then they reforme it.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:for ''folly'' and ''eloquence'' concurre in the subversion of government in the same manner (as the fable hath it) as heretofore the daughters of ''Palias'' King of Thessaly, conspired with ''Medea'' against their father; They going to restore the decrepit old man to his youth again, by the counsell of ''Medea'', they cut him into peeces, and set him in the fire to boyle, in vain expecting when he would live again; So the common people through their folly (like the daughters of ''Palias'') desiring to renew the ancient government, being drawne away by the ''eloquence'' of ambitious men, as it were by the witchcraft of ''Medea'', divided into ''faction'', they consume it rather by those flames, then they reforme it.</div></td></tr>
</table>Misha Teramurahttps://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&diff=15694&oldid=prevMisha Teramura at 21:32, 27 June 20162016-06-27T21:32:21Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Apparently the part of the Medea legend most memorable to Hobbes was the episode in which the sorceress tricks the daughters of Pelias into murdering their father. It is invoked in ''De Cive'' (written in the late <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1640s </del>and published in Latin in 1642), the political installment of Hobbes's early "elements of philosophy." In the section "Of the internall causes, tending to the dissolution of any Government," Hobbes writes of the causes of sedition, especially those ambitions men who can manipulate the common people through their eloquence:</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Apparently the part of the Medea legend most memorable to Hobbes was the episode in which the sorceress tricks the daughters of Pelias into murdering their father. It is invoked in ''De Cive'' (written in the late <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1630s </ins>and published in Latin in 1642), the political installment of Hobbes's early "elements of philosophy." In the section "Of the internall causes, tending to the dissolution of any Government," Hobbes writes of the causes of sedition, especially those ambitions men who can manipulate the common people through their eloquence:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:for ''folly'' and ''eloquence'' concurre in the subversion of government in the same manner (as the fable hath it) as heretofore the daughters of ''Palias'' King of Thessaly, conspired with ''Medea'' against their father; They going to restore the decrepit old man to his youth again, by the counsell of ''Medea'', they cut him into peeces, and set him in the fire to boyle, in vain expecting when he would live again; So the common people through their folly (like the daughters of ''Palias'') desiring to renew the ancient government, being drawne away by the ''eloquence'' of ambitious men, as it were by the witchcraft of ''Medea'', divided into ''faction'', they consume it rather by those flames, then they reforme it.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:for ''folly'' and ''eloquence'' concurre in the subversion of government in the same manner (as the fable hath it) as heretofore the daughters of ''Palias'' King of Thessaly, conspired with ''Medea'' against their father; They going to restore the decrepit old man to his youth again, by the counsell of ''Medea'', they cut him into peeces, and set him in the fire to boyle, in vain expecting when he would live again; So the common people through their folly (like the daughters of ''Palias'') desiring to renew the ancient government, being drawne away by the ''eloquence'' of ambitious men, as it were by the witchcraft of ''Medea'', divided into ''faction'', they consume it rather by those flames, then they reforme it.</div></td></tr>
</table>Misha Teramurahttps://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&diff=15693&oldid=prevMisha Teramura at 19:52, 27 June 20162016-06-27T19:52:48Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another of Hobbes's allusions to Medea occurs as a result of his dispute with John Bramhall, bishop of Derry<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">; </del>although this <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">allusion </del>has an ostensibly un-Euripidean source. Bramhall, in his critique of Hobbes's theory of liberty and necessity, at point writes: "It is true indeed the will should follow the direction of the understanding, but I am not satisfied that it doth evermore follow it. Sometimes this saying hath place, ''Video meliora probo''[''que'']; ''Deteriora sequor''" ("I see the better and approve it, but I follow the worse") (p. 247). Hobbes, recognizing the passage from Ovid's version of the Medea story in the ''Metamorphoses'' (7.20), responded: "the saying (as pretty as it is) is not true: for though ''Medea'' saw many reasons to forbear killing her Children, yet the last dictate of her judgement was, that the present revenge on her husband outweighed them all, and thereupon the wicked action followed necessarily" (p. 249). Importantly, this is not the context of the quote in Ovid: Medea, rather, is torn between her loyalty to her father and her desire for the foreigner Jason. Samuel C. Rickless writes: "Interestingly, Hobbes does not tackle the case of Medea's decision to marry Jason, but rather her later far more calculated and cold-blooded decision to kill the children she had borne him" (400n). Perhaps Hobbes's mistaken recollection was colored by his youthful immersion in the tragic action of Euripides' play. (Bramhall, for his part, ignored the mistake and replied that "the strength of the argument doth not lye" in the story of Medea, "which is but a fiction," but rather "in the experience of all men, who find it to be true in themselves" [p. 251].)</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another of Hobbes's allusions to Medea occurs as a result of his dispute with John Bramhall, bishop of Derry<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </ins>although this <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">instance </ins>has an ostensibly un-Euripidean source. Bramhall, in his critique of Hobbes's theory of liberty and necessity, at point writes: "It is true indeed the will should follow the direction of the understanding, but I am not satisfied that it doth evermore follow it. Sometimes this saying hath place, ''Video meliora probo''[''que'']; ''Deteriora sequor''" ("I see the better and approve it, but I follow the worse") (p. 247). Hobbes, recognizing the passage from Ovid's version of the Medea story in the ''Metamorphoses'' (7.20), responded: "the saying (as pretty as it is) is not true: for though ''Medea'' saw many reasons to forbear killing her Children, yet the last dictate of her judgement was, that the present revenge on her husband outweighed them all, and thereupon the wicked action followed necessarily" (p. 249). Importantly, this is not the context of the quote in Ovid: Medea, rather, is torn between her loyalty to her father and her desire for the foreigner Jason. Samuel C. Rickless writes: "Interestingly, Hobbes does not tackle the case of Medea's decision to marry Jason, but rather her later far more calculated and cold-blooded decision to kill the children she had borne him" (400n). Perhaps Hobbes's mistaken recollection was colored by his youthful immersion in the tragic action of Euripides' play. (Bramhall, for his part, ignored the mistake and replied that "the strength of the argument doth not lye" in the story of Medea, "which is but a fiction," but rather "in the experience of all men, who find it to be true in themselves" [p. 251].)</div></td></tr>
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</table>Misha Teramurahttps://lostplays.folger.edu/_mw/index.php?title=Medea&diff=15692&oldid=prevMisha Teramura: Created page with "Thomas Hobbes (1603) ==Historical Records== ===Aubrey's Life of Hobbes=== In his biography of Hobbes, written 1679–80, Aubrey describes the young Hobbes's education ..."2016-06-27T19:48:57Z<p>Created page with "<a href="/Thomas_Hobbes" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Hobbes">Thomas Hobbes</a> (<a href="/1603" title="1603">1603</a>) ==Historical Records== ===Aubrey's Life of Hobbes=== In his biography of Hobbes, written 1679–80, Aubrey describes the young Hobbes's education ..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[Thomas Hobbes]] ([[1603]])<br />
<br />
==Historical Records==<br />
<br />
===Aubrey's Life of Hobbes===<br />
<br />
In his biography of Hobbes, written 1679–80, Aubrey describes the young Hobbes's education under the tutelage of Robert Latimer, the vicar of Westport, Wiltshire:<br />
<br />
:He [Latimer] was a batchelour and delighted in his scholar, T.H.'s company, and used to instruct him, and two or three ingeniose youths more, in the evening till nine a clock. Here T.H. so well profited in his learning, that at fourteen yeares of age, he went away a good schoole-scholar to Magdalen-hall, in Oxford. It is not to be forgotten, that before he went to the University, he had turned Euripidis Medea out of Greeke into Latin Iambiques, which he presented to his master. Mr. H. told me that he would faine have had them, to have seen how he did grown in . . . . . Twenty odde [''or'' 25+] yeares agoe I searcht all old Mr. Latimer's papers, but could not find them; the good huswives had sacrificed them [''or'' the oven [''or'' pies] had devoured them].<br />
<br />
:(Bodleian, Aubrey MS 9, f. 33–34; qtd. Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n356/mode/2up 328–29]).<br />
<br />
Aubrey's wording suggests that Hobbes presented his translation shortly before moving to Oxford. The exact date of Hobbes's matriculation is unknown and the surviving evidence contradictory, but he seems to have begun his studies at Oxford either in 1602 or 1603 (Martinich 8-9; Malcolm).<br />
<br />
In the passage quoted above, Aubrey's alternative phrasings are indicated in square brackets (see Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n32/mode/2up 6]).<br />
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<br />
==Theatrical Provenance==<br />
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Likely never performed.<br />
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==Probable Genre(s)==<br />
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Tragedy (Harbage)<br />
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==Possible Narrative and Dramatic Sources or Analogues==<br />
<br />
Hobbes's "Medea" was a Latin translation from the Greek of Euripides. <br />
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<br />
==References to the Play==<br />
<br />
===Blackburne's Life of Hobbes===<br />
<br />
Hobbes's translation of ''Medea'' was mentioned again in the Latin ''Vitæ Hobbianæ Auctarium'', prepared by Richard Blackburne based on Aubrey's notes and published in 1681:<br />
<br />
:Tantos autem jam adhuc in ludo literario degens in literaturâ tam Latinâ quam Græcâ progressus fecit, ut ''Euripidis Medeam'' simili metro Latinis versibus elegantèr expresserit.<br />
:(Blackburne pp. 24–25)<br />
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<br />
==Critical Commentary==<br />
<br />
'''Martinich''': "The play seems to have deeply affected Hobbes. […] He refers to ''Medea'' four times in his writings, more than to any other non-Homeric literary work" (7). [See '''For What It's Worth''' below.]<br />
<br />
'''Wiggins''': "Since Aubrey assumed that Latimer might have kept it, it was presumably a gift rather than a mere educational exercise; perhaps it was a parting gift" (5:41–42).<br />
<br />
(Further content welcome.)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==For What It's Worth==<br />
<br />
===Aubrey and Hobbes===<br />
<br />
Although born a generation apart, Hobbes and Aubrey were friends for over two decades before the former's death in 1679, and Aubrey was singularly acquainted with the details of Hobbes's biography. As he wrote in the preface to ''The Life of Mr. Thomas Hobbes of Malmsbury'' (finished 1680),<br />
<br />
:'Tis religion to performe the will of the dead; which I here dischardge, with my promise (1667) to my old friend Mr. T[homas] H[obbes], in publishing his life and performing the last office to my old friend Mr. Thomas Hobbes, whom I have had the honour to know [from] my child-hood, being his countreyman and borne in Malmesbury hundred and taught my grammar by his schoolmaster. [¶] Since nobody knew so many particulars of his life as myselfe, he was willing that if I survived him, it should be handed to posterity by my hands…<br />
<br />
:(Bodleian Library, Aubrey MS 9, f. 29r; qtd. Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n42/mode/2up 17–18])<br />
<br />
The schoolmaster in question was Robert Latimer, to whom Hobbes had presented his translation of the ''Medea'' and under whose tutelage Aubrey would be educated many years later, if only briefly due to Latimer's death (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n60/mode/2up 35]). Indeed, it was at Latimer's house that Aubrey first met Hobbes in the summer of 1634, while the elder was visiting his former teacher (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n358/mode/2up 331–32]; Bodleian Library, MS Wood F 39, f. [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/profile/work/660f7bbc-de43-4850-b6e0-8774a062c8de? 334r]). Aubrey, who was only eight years old, recalled that Hobbes's "conversation about those times was much about Ben: Jonson," who was "his loving and familiar friend and acquaintance" (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n360/mode/2up 332], [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n392/mode/2up 365]). (Aubrey would use a Jonsonian phrase—"the most worthy men have been rock't in meane cradles"—as a motto for his ''Life of Hobbes'' [Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n384/mode/2up 356], Bennett 757].) They seem to have met again in the 1650s: in a list of his ''amici'', Aubrey dates his friendship with Hobbes from "165—" ([http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n70/mode/2up 43]). By this point Hobbes was already famous as the author of ''De Cive'' and the ''Leviathan'', and Aubrey an admirer. On 30 August 1661, in his earliest extant letter to Hobbes, Aubrey wrote to express "my hearty thankes for the trouble I gave you to sitt for your Picture, w<sup>ch</sup> is an honor I am not worthy of, & I beg yo<sup>r</sup> pardon for my great boldnes, but I assure you no man living more prizes it, nor hath greater Devotion for You then my selfe" (''Correspondence'' 2:520, interlineation regularized). They two remained friends for the remaining two decades of Hobbes's long life.<br />
<br />
Aubrey was uniquely invested in Hobbes's biography. As he would later recall, "In 1665, or 1666, I told m<sup>r</sup> Hobbs, that I would make to bold to desire him to write his owne Life: for it would be written, & not well […] He thanked me for my advise, & told me he would doe it" (Aubrey to Anthony Wood, 30 December 1679, Bodleian Library, MS Wood F 39, f. [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/profile/work/660f7bbc-de43-4850-b6e0-8774a062c8de? 334r]). Hobbes would write Latin autobiographies in both verse and prose, but Aubrey seems to have early on envisioned writing his own biographical account of Hobbes's life as early as 1667 (see quote above). Hobbes's autobiographical writings were published almost immediately after Hobbes died, and Aubrey seems to have formally undertaken his own work as a supplementary commentary to the Latin autobiography, beginning in December 1679 (Bennett xc). While Aubrey never published his ''Life'' of Hobbes in its entirety, it survives in manuscript (Bodleian Library, Aubrey MS 9), which was used as a source by Richard Blackburne for his own Latin biography of Hobbes, published in 1681.<br />
<br />
In the ''Life of Hobbes'', Aubrey offers two alternative chronological references for when he undertook his search of Hobbes's "Medea" among the papers of their late tutor: either "Twenty odde yeares agoe" (that is, c. 1659–60) or "25+ yeares agoe" (that is, prior to 1655). It seems that Aubrey's memory of this event is comparable to his dating "165—" as the beginning of his friendship with Hobbes and that he undertook his search shortly after they renewed their acquaintance as adults. Since Hobbes had already amply demonstrated his mastery of classical languages—his translation of Thucydides was published in 1629, and he frequently wrote in Latin—he likely recalled to Aubrey his debt to their mutual schoomaster Latimer, whom Aubrey describes as "a good Graecian, and the first that came into our parts hereabout since the Reformation" (Clark [http://archive.org/stream/brieflives01clargoog#page/n356/mode/2up 329]). Perhaps it was in this context that Hobbes mentioned his translation of Euripides to Aubrey, along with his desire to revisit his juvenile achievements, thereby prompting Aubrey to visit Latimer's house to try and recover the text for his illustrious friend.<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hobbes's Allusions to Medea===<br />
<br />
Apparently the part of the Medea legend most memorable to Hobbes was the episode in which the sorceress tricks the daughters of Pelias into murdering their father. It is invoked in ''De Cive'' (written in the late 1640s and published in Latin in 1642), the political installment of Hobbes's early "elements of philosophy." In the section "Of the internall causes, tending to the dissolution of any Government," Hobbes writes of the causes of sedition, especially those ambitions men who can manipulate the common people through their eloquence:<br />
<br />
:for ''folly'' and ''eloquence'' concurre in the subversion of government in the same manner (as the fable hath it) as heretofore the daughters of ''Palias'' King of Thessaly, conspired with ''Medea'' against their father; They going to restore the decrepit old man to his youth again, by the counsell of ''Medea'', they cut him into peeces, and set him in the fire to boyle, in vain expecting when he would live again; So the common people through their folly (like the daughters of ''Palias'') desiring to renew the ancient government, being drawne away by the ''eloquence'' of ambitious men, as it were by the witchcraft of ''Medea'', divided into ''faction'', they consume it rather by those flames, then they reforme it.<br />
:(''Philosophicall Rudiments'', p. 189)<br />
<br />
An almost identical use of the story is found in the discussion of rebellion in his political treatise ''The Elements of Law'', completed in 1640 and first published in 1650:<br />
<br />
:Seeing then Eloquence and want of Discretion concur to the stirring of Rebellion, it may be demanded, what part each of these acteth therein. The Daughters of ''Pelias'' King of ''Thessaly'', desiring to restore their old Decrepit Father to the Vigour of his Youth, by the Counsell of ''Medea'', chopped him in pieces, and set him a boyling with I know not what Herbs in a Cauldron, but could not revive him again. So when Eloquence and want of Judgement go together, want of Judgment like the Daughters of ''Pelias'' consenteth through Eloquence, which is as the Witchcraft of ''Medea'', to cut the common Wealth in pieces, upon Pretence, or Hope of Reformation, which when things are in Combustion, they are not able to effect.<br />
:(''De Corpore Politico'', pp. 175–76)<br />
<br />
The episode is invoked yet again, if more cursorily, in the thirtieth chapter of ''Leviathan'' (1651), again illustrating the deleterious results of disobedience:<br />
<br />
:they that go about by disobedience, to doe no more than reforme the Commonwealth, shall find they do thereby destroy it; like the foolish daughters of ''Peleus'' (in the fable;) which desiring to renew the youth of their decrepit Father, did by the Counsell of ''Medea'', cut him in pieces, and boyle him, together with strange herbs, but made not of him a new man.<br />
:(''Leviathan'' p. 177)<br />
<br />
It should be noted that the mythological episode of the Peliades' parricide is recalled but not actually depicted in Euripides' play.<br />
<br />
Another of Hobbes's allusions to Medea occurs as a result of his dispute with John Bramhall, bishop of Derry; although this allusion has an ostensibly un-Euripidean source. Bramhall, in his critique of Hobbes's theory of liberty and necessity, at point writes: "It is true indeed the will should follow the direction of the understanding, but I am not satisfied that it doth evermore follow it. Sometimes this saying hath place, ''Video meliora probo''[''que'']; ''Deteriora sequor''" ("I see the better and approve it, but I follow the worse") (p. 247). Hobbes, recognizing the passage from Ovid's version of the Medea story in the ''Metamorphoses'' (7.20), responded: "the saying (as pretty as it is) is not true: for though ''Medea'' saw many reasons to forbear killing her Children, yet the last dictate of her judgement was, that the present revenge on her husband outweighed them all, and thereupon the wicked action followed necessarily" (p. 249). Importantly, this is not the context of the quote in Ovid: Medea, rather, is torn between her loyalty to her father and her desire for the foreigner Jason. Samuel C. Rickless writes: "Interestingly, Hobbes does not tackle the case of Medea's decision to marry Jason, but rather her later far more calculated and cold-blooded decision to kill the children she had borne him" (400n). Perhaps Hobbes's mistaken recollection was colored by his youthful immersion in the tragic action of Euripides' play. (Bramhall, for his part, ignored the mistake and replied that "the strength of the argument doth not lye" in the story of Medea, "which is but a fiction," but rather "in the experience of all men, who find it to be true in themselves" [p. 251].)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
<br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">Bennett, Kate, ed. ''Brief Lives with An Apparatus for the Lives of our English Mathematical Writers''. By John Aubrey. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2015.</div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">Bramhall, John and Thomas Hobbes. ''The Questions Concerning Liberty, Necessity, and Chance''. London, 1656. Wing H2257.</div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">Blackburne, Richard. "Vitæ Hobbianæ Auctarium". In ''Thomæ Hobbes Angli Malmesburiensis Philosophi Vita''. London, 1681. Wing H2268.</div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">Clark, Andrew, ed. '''Brief Lives,' Chiefly of Contemporaries, Set Down by John Aubrey, Between the Years 1669 and 1696''. 2 vols. Oxford, 1898.</div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">Hobbes, Thomas. ''De Corpore Politico. Or the Elements of Law, Moral & Politick''. London, 1650. Wing H2219.</div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">———. ''The Correspondence''. 2 vols. Ed. Noel Malcolm. Oxford: Clarendon, 1994.</div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">———. ''Leviathan''. London, 1651. Wing H2246.</div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">———. ''Philosophicall Rudiments Concerning Government and Society''. London, 1651. Wing H2253.</div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">Malcolm, Noel. "Hobbes, Thomas (1588–1679)." ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13400 </div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">Martinich, Aloysius. ''Hobbes: A Biography''. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999.</div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">Parkin, John. "Blackburne, Richard (1651/2–1716)." ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2517 </div><br />
<div style="padding-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em">Rickless, Samuel C. "Will and Motivation." In ''The Oxford Handbook of British Philosophy in the Seventeenth Century''. Ed. Peter R. Anstey. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2013. 393–414.</div><br />
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